Figure 1.

The morphology of liver tissue from patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). (A) HE staining demonstrated that liver tissue sections from HBV-ACLF patients have severe necrosis, hepatocytes with ballooning degeneration and collapse of the parenchyma; immunohistochemistry showed that (B) the expression of HBsAg was found in hepatocytes of HBV-ACLF patients and that a cohort of (C) CD68⁺ macrophages, (D) CD3⁺ T cells, and (E) CD16⁺ monocytes and (F) fibrinogen⁺ cells were infiltrated and distributed throughout the livers of HBV-ACLF patients. The arrows indicate positive cells, and the scale bar indicates 20 μm.